The Problem with Leatherjackets

Crane fly larvae, commonly referred to as grubs, exist in the upper layers of soil, where they damage grassroots and organic material. Their presence is most noticeable in spring and autumn, and their activity can lead to soft ground and deteriorating turf condition. Managed landscapes may become difficult to maintain without proper control.

How to Spot an Infestation

Identifying larvae before serious damage occurs is wise. Watch for signs such as bird pecking, patchy grass, and irregular surface wear. Cut small patches in the turf to detect larvae beneath. Conducting these checks during early spring supports better planning.

Understanding Larval Cycles

Leatherjackets can continue feeding underground during milder winter spells. If they are not kept in check, the turf’s ability to recover in spring is delayed. Maintenance scheduling based on seasonal patterns helps reduce pressure on affected areas.

Cultural Turf Management

Turf professionals often begin with physical practices. Regular aeration strengthens root growth and improves turf firmness. Raising mowing height during feeding periods can improve resilience, and rolling moist turf may expose larvae, leaving them open to natural predation. These approaches help improve turf quality, even if they do not fully eliminate the pests.

Biological Alternatives

Nematodes, microscopic worms, offer a targeted way to address larvae. They are most effective when applied during early autumn, under suitable moisture and temperature conditions. When timed and applied correctly, they reduce larval numbers and allow the turf to recover.

When to Use Approved Chemicals

In some cases—especially on frequently used surfaces—chemical treatment may be necessary. Approved turf protection products may be applied, but only according to regulatory guidance. Blending chemical input with cultural and biological steps preserves soil health.

Reducing Future Risk

To minimise outbreaks in future seasons, aim to optimise drainage, encourage strong rooting, and maintain steady nutrient levels. Monitoring turf after crane fly emergence in late summer helps predict larval activity levels for the months ahead.

Frequently Asked Questions

• When do leatherjackets feed the most?
  
  They tend to be active in greater numbers during mild periods in autumn and spring.



• How can I be sure I have a problem?
  
  Cut out a small patch of turf and count the number of larvae beneath. This provides a direct population check.



• Can nematodes survive in cold soil?
  
  No. They require moderate temperatures and soil moisture to be effective.



• Does mowing height matter?
  
  Yes. Leaving grass slightly longer during larval feeding helps reduce plant stress.



• Why are birds damaging my lawn?
  
  Birds often dig where larvae are present. Their behaviour can be an early indicator of infestation.

Main Takeaway

Managing crane fly larvae requires a blend of early detection, well-timed treatment, and varied management strategies. By coordinating physical methods, biological control, and limited chemical use, turf conditions can be maintained throughout the year.

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